The causes of toe swelling and pain may be gout, mosquito bites, purulent dactylitis and other conditions, as follows: 1. Gout: when patients consume too much purine-rich food and their own inability to metabolize it, it will cause the accumulation of urea in the body leading to gout, the common symptom of gout is the swelling and pain in the toes, which can also be accompanied by redness, swelling, fever and other symptoms. 2. Mosquito bites: mosquito bites, toxins into the soft tissue, will stimulate the corresponding skin area of inflammatory edema, resulting in symptoms of toe swelling and pain, in addition to redness of the skin, itching. 3. Purulent dactylitis: it is a purulent infection of the subcutaneous tissue of the toes, the causative organism is mostly Staphylococcus aureus, in addition to swelling, it may be accompanied by pain, breakage of pus, or even local necrosis, and in severe cases, there will be fever and other systemic symptoms. Toe swelling and pain may also have other reasons, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time, complete the examination to clarify the cause of the disease, under the guidance of the doctor to give targeted treatment or treatment.