The severity of emphysema is related to the degree of emphysema. Emphysema is a disease formed by persistent dilatation of the air spaces distal to the terminal fine bronchi, accompanied by destruction of the alveolar wall. When white mucous sputum appears and symptoms such as chest tightness and shortness of breath occur only after strenuous activities, it means that the disease is in the early stage of emphysema or there are no other comorbidities, which is not serious at this time; when symptoms such as swelling of the lower limbs, inability to lie down, blue and purple lips and nails, and heart panic appear, it means that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or even heart disease and other complications have already appeared, which is more serious at this time and may be caused by severe poor ventilation and ventilatory dysfunction Respiratory failure, even combined with the failure of other organs, the patient’s life is at risk at any time. Patients with emphysema must quit smoking and stay away from dust, cigarettes and air pollution to prevent further development of the disease. At the same time, they should strengthen nutrition, consume enough protein and vitamins, and pay attention to keeping warm when they go out to avoid catching a cold.