The colon polyp should be diagnosed and treated early, the result of palliation may be cancerous Nowadays, more and more people take colonoscopy as a routine medical examination program, colon polyps are more and more “pulled out”. However, many people do not take polyps seriously. Colon polyps must be diagnosed and treated early, because it may be a time bomb buried in the colon, and the result of palliation may be cancer. Seventy percent of bowel cancer is caused by adenoma colorectal polyp is more common in gastroenterology, it is a bulge of mucous membrane in the lumen of the large intestine, which looks like a lump of meat of different sizes. The most common type is adenoma, although this is a benign lesion, but as the adenoma increases, the cancer rate increases, so intestinal adenoma is considered a “precancerous lesion”.
Early removal of polyps is one of the important prevention methods of colon cancer. Most of the intestinal polyps are a new organism in the intestinal mucosa. Before the pathological examination, which is the “gold standard”, all diagnoses are just guesses, and if it is not removed, it is a “time bomb” in the body after all. If it is a precancerous lesion such as adenoma, as the polyp increases in size and number, the chance of cancer increases rapidly, and nearly half of adenomas over 2cm in diameter will become cancerous. Even inflammatory polyps, although less harmful to the body, may bring a series of clinical symptoms as they increase in size, such as long-term blood in the stool, diarrhea, intestinal entrapment and even intestinal obstruction. Therefore, intestinal polyps should be removed when they are found.
There are three kinds of high-risk groups, and those who are over 40 years old should have colonoscopy even if they do not show any discomfort. The following three kinds of people belong to the high-risk group and should pay more attention to screening polyps and colorectal cancer.
1. First-degree relatives with a history of colorectal cancer or a family history of adenomatous polyps; 2. History of cancer or intestinal polyps; 3. Both of the following: chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, viscous bloody stools, history of chronic appendicitis, etc.
With the development of medical technology, the removal of most colorectal polyps now does not require an incision. In recent years, with the rapid development of endoscopic technology, endoscopic polypectomy is a very mature treatment method.
The indications are 1. polyps and adenomas of various sizes; 2. non-tipped polyps and adenomas less than 2 cm in diameter; 3. multiple adenomas and polyps with scattered distribution and small numbers. It can be said that endoscopic resection of intestinal polyps has become a routine method for the treatment of intestinal polyps. Except for a very small number of cases with excessive diameter, obvious malignant morphology under endoscopy or excessive number, intestinal polyps can generally be removed completely under endoscopy. Endoscopic removal of polyps has obvious advantages over open surgery. Patients recover quickly and at low cost. Endoscopic polypectomy is less painful and less damaging to the body, so it is now widely available.
It is important to prepare for colonoscopy by eating colorless, less crumbly or liquid food such as fish, eggs, milk, soy products, porridge, noodles, bread, bananas, winter melon, potatoes, etc. the day before the procedure. Take bowel cleanser according to the doctor’s requirement. Adequate bowel cleansing is needed before colonoscopy to reduce the difficulty of the examination and ensure the accuracy of the examination. The commonly used method of bowel cleansing with good safety is to take oral polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution and drink enough water to cleanse the intestine, and the bowel cleansing is standardized by watery stools. For those who are not satisfied with bowel cleansing, it can also be combined with colon hydrotherapy to achieve better bowel cleansing and meet the needs of colonoscopy. Patients who are constipated should take a light laxative such as castor oil or senna the night before the examination, and drink more water. On the day of the examination, prepare for bowel cleansing under the guidance of the doctor or nurse, and rest quietly half an hour before the examination. Listen carefully to the doctor’s introduction of the examination process before the examination to relieve ideological worries. Before the examination, the patient should take a bath and change into clean clothes and pants. During the examination, the patient first takes a left-sided position, with the abdomen relaxed and knees flexed. Then, listen to the doctor’s command and turn to change the position as required.