The survival period after surgery for early stage rectal cancer is relatively long, with five-year survival rate above 90%. Early stage of rectal cancer means that the tumor invades the mucosal layer or submucosal layer, there is no pararectal lymph node metastasis, that is, tumor T1 and T2, and there is no distant metastasis, such as lung metastasis, bone metastasis, liver metastasis and brain metastasis, in this case, there is no need for chemotherapy, and it is only necessary to observe and follow up dynamically, which has very little effect on the quality of life, and the five-year survival rate can be more than 90%. Postoperative care of rectal cancer patients plays an important role in prolonging survival as well as reducing cancer recurrence rate. Rectal cancer people should have a light diet, appropriate physical exercise, and develop the habit of regular diet and regular bowel movement. At the same time, they should pay attention to the character of stool and the time of defecation, and need to go to the hospital for review immediately if there are symptoms such as change of stool character, blood in stool, diarrhea, abdominal pain and so on. Note that people over 45 years old can have regular colonoscopy screening every year, which helps to detect early rectal cancer and can effectively treat it to improve the survival of patients.