angular gyrus syndrome (medicine)



OVERVIEW

Overview

Angular gyrus syndrome is a group of syndromes characterized by inability to write and calculate, loss of finger recognition, and left and right disorientation. The lesions are usually located in the parieto-occipito-temporal junction of the primary hemisphere, the left parietal angular gyrus and the second occipital gyrus. The manifestations are left and right disorientation and lack of discrimination; dysrecognition, dyslexia, dyscalculia, amnesic aphasia and dysgraphia; right ipsilateral hemianopsia, loss of optokinetic nystagmus, visuospatial disorientation; and incomplete paralysis of some of the spreading nerves.

Whether medical insurance

yes

Department

Neurology, Neurosurgery

Synonyms

Gerstmann syndrome

Clinical Symptoms

Loss of finger recognition, inability to calculate, inability to write, left and right disorientation, etc.

Harm

Often affects social adjustment and communication skills.

Tests

CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), etc.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is made on the basis of medical history, loss of finger recognition, inability to calculate, inability to write, left and right disorientation, and imaging tests.

Treatment principle

Treatment of the primary disease is the mainstay, and drugs to promote brain function, reasonable rehabilitation can be given, and surgery can be performed if necessary.

Curability

Aggressive treatment can improve the symptoms, whether cure depends on the primary disease.

Dietary advice

Balanced nutrition and reasonable diet.

Etiology

Etiology

Caused by cerebrovascular lesions, tumors, trauma, inflammation, poisoning, brain atrophy, etc.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Typical symptoms

Speech comprehension and expression are normal, object and spatial cognition exists, and the following 4 symptoms occur in the absence of sensory-motor and intellectual and other disorders:

1. Inability to recognize fingers

Loss of ability to name and recognize each finger of one’s own or another person’s hands; in most cases, the thumb and little finger can still be called and recognized, but the remaining 3 fingers cannot be recognized and called. The patient can imitate the movements of the examiner’s fingers.

2. Inability to calculate

The patient cannot calculate with fingers, cannot read and write out numbers, cannot add, subtract, multiply and divide mentally, and has unclear concepts of time, weight, volume, distance, etc. Although the patient can sometimes do simple arithmetic, he or she cannot do it mentally. Although sometimes can be simple mental arithmetic, but the written calculation, because can not grasp the spatial location, so often wrong line and number of bits, the location of the written calculation is often biased towards the low end, but for the concept of number and number can be well understood.

3. Inability to write (dysgraphia)

Inability to control the size and position of writing, often writing wrong words or non-existent words, similar words, inverted words (mirror writing), wrong vertical and horizontal strokes of words, omission of words, grammatical errors, semantic errors, meaningless words, and consecutive words of the same character, but the concept of words is still preserved.

4. Left-right orientation disorder

The child is not only unable to understand and recognize his/her left and right sides, but also unable to recognize spatial orientation, for example, when he/she is asked to stretch his/her right or left hand, or to lift his/her right or left foot, he/she is unable to recognize left and right, and is unable to recognize left and right in shoes or gloves.

It is rare to see all four of these severe symptoms at the same time, but at most two to three of them are present, and they are often accompanied by aphasia or structural dysfunction.

Diagnostic basis

1. History of cerebrovascular disease or head trauma.

2. Typical manifestations such as loss of finger recognition, inability to calculate, inability to write, left and right disorientation.

3. Parietal or temporal lobe lesions can be seen in CT and MRI.

Treatment

Treatment policy

Treatment of primary disease, reasonable rehabilitation, surgery if necessary.

Drug treatment

According to the cause of the disease and the symptoms, choose the appropriate drug treatment.

Surgery

If there are cerebrovascular lesions or tumors, surgery can be performed if necessary.

Other treatments

On the basis of treating the primary disease, actively carry out rehabilitation therapy to improve the quality of life.

Prognosis

The prognosis depends on the primary disease. Those caused by ischemic cerebrovascular lesions have a good prognosis after active treatment.

Nursing care

Daily care

1.EnvironmentMaintain indoor air circulation, warmth, and sufficient sunshine; improve the living environment damp, dark and other adverse conditions.

2. Rest and activities: live a regular life, ensure sufficient rest and sleep; encourage patients to take care of themselves as much as possible within the range of their activity endurance.

3.Psychological care: comfort and encourage the patient, help to establish confidence in overcoming the disease and stabilize the patient’s mood.

Dietary care

Balanced nutrition and reasonable diet.