Painful urination may be caused by cystitis, urethritis, urinary stones and other diseases. 1. Urethral injury: if the perineum has recently been violently struck or a straddle injury has occurred, it is easy to cause damage to the urethra, followed by painful urination. 2. Urethritis: the main cause of this disease is infection with pathogens, commonly found in gonococcus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus and so on. Some patients may be asymptomatic at first, and with the further development of the disease, patients will experience symptoms such as painful urination, frequent urination, and urgent urination. 3. Urinary stones: The causes of the disease include high uric acid concentration, food lacking trace elements, and a diet high in protein and oxalate, and secondly, it may also be related to gender, age, heredity and other reasons. Typical symptoms include difficulty in urination and pain in urination. Besides, painful urination may also be caused by cystitis, kidney tuberculosis, prostatitis, vaginitis and other diseases. There are many reasons that lead to painful urination, and patients need to go to the hospital for consultation.