Newborn hearing screening is divided into primary and repeat screening, with different screening protocols and procedures for normal delivery newborns and newborns admitted to the NICU. Initial screening for normal newborns is completed between 48 hours of birth and discharge, and re-screening for those who fail or miss the initial screening is done about 42 days after delivery. Screening methods primarily use transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) or distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). If the re-screening is still unsuccessful, a referral to the Pediatric Diagnostic Hearing Center for diagnostic hearing screening is required within 3 months. Initial screening of NICU newborns is performed prior to discharge after stabilization. Screening is performed using automated auditory brainstem response (AABR), or combined otoacoustic emission (OAE) and AABR screening to avoid missed auditory neuropathies. Those who fail the initial screening are not rescreened but referred directly to the Children’s Diagnostic Hearing Center for diagnostic hearing tests within three months. Because most NICU newborns have high risk factors for hearing loss and the possibility of delayed hearing loss, even if they pass the hearing screening, they need to have their hearing checked every six months to a year thereafter and monitored at least until the age of three.