The principle of newborn hearing screening is otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response. 1. Otoacoustic emission: The process of sound waves entering the inner ear is utilized to determine whether the sound generated in the cochlea can pass through the middle ear structure, penetrate through the tympanic membrane, and cause the hair cells to reflect energy, and through the detection of the reflected energy, it is possible to determine whether there is any damage to the hearing. 2. Auditory Brainstem Response: If a newborn hears a sound coming out of the earbuds, the nervous system will respond and the response will be recorded on the monitor. If there is such a response, it is called a pass in the hearing screening, if there is no such response, it is called a fail in the hearing screening. If a newborn fails the hearing screening, it is important to have a repeat test or a full hearing evaluation, and it is recommended that you consult with your doctor about the next steps in your child’s life.