If blood homocysteine is found to be >80µmol/L during physical examination, one should consult a doctor for B vitamin supplementation and dietary improvement under the doctor’s guidance. The normal value of serum homocysteine is <15µmol/L, but if it is >80µmol/L, the diagnosis of hyperhomocysteinemia can be made. Homocysteine can be converted to methionine or cysteine with the assistance of B vitamins. Deficiency of B vitamins, such as vitamin B6, folic acid, and vitamin B12, can cause an increase in serum homocysteine. Increased homocysteine in the serum may increase the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, so active and strict treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia is needed. Treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia is based on supplementation of B vitamins and folic acid to reduce homocysteine in the blood. Patients can adjust their dietary structure and increase B vitamin-rich foods such as oranges and other fruits and vegetables in their daily diets, and they can also take folic acid tablets and multivitamins to supplement their diets. However, taking a large amount of folic acid may cause asthma, skin rashes, etc. and increase the incidence of prostate cancer. Therefore, if patients find homocysteine elevated, they should go to the hospital in time and follow the doctor’s instructions to supplement B vitamins. Patients are forbidden to take self-medication supplementation to avoid adverse reactions.