Our recommendation is that treatment is effective when the transaminases are elevated, which is professionally known as the immune clearance period, but of course it cannot be generalized; some specific cases can be flexible, including those who do not have high transaminases but have significant ultrasound abnormalities, those who are older, and those who have adverse liver disease outcomes in their families. The advantages of interferon are the clear course of treatment and low relapse rate, but there are disadvantages such as inconvenient treatment, certain side effects and inability to apply in some cases. Therefore, it is suitable for patients with chronic hepatitis B who are treated for the first time, in the reproductive age, and those who do not have heavy liver function damage. The advantages of nucleoside antiviral drugs are easy to take, no side effects, rapid decline of hepatitis B virus, etc.; however, their main disadvantage is that the course of treatment is uncertain, the duration of medication is at least 2-3 years, and must reach the E antigen seroconversion before discontinuing the drug, improper discontinuation of the drug has a high chance of relapse, for E antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B, the so-called “small triplet” patients For patients with E antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B, the so-called “small triple-positive” patients, there is no clear time to stop the drug because there is no such indicator. Therefore, for patients with chronic hepatitis B, it is important to clarify the above situation before antiviral treatment, and determine the kind of antiviral treatment program to be applied according to their condition, work, life and special physiological needs, and avoid rushing to choose the treatment method without understanding the details, which will add unnecessary trouble to the future treatment. At present, there are many patients of childbearing age who have been taking nucleoside analogues for several years in outpatient clinics, and their liver function and hepatitis B virus levels are normal, but the E antigen is serologically converted, and now they are requesting pregnancy and want to stop the medication to seek the doctor’s advice. The reason for this situation is twofold: 1. When the initial treatment is not enough understanding of the course of treatment, the possible impact of taking medication on fertility is not considered. 2, may understand all of the above, but the choice of indications is not ideal, not to achieve the expected E antigen seroconversion. As for the choice of nucleoside analogues, further careful consideration should be made. In general, the principles of optimal treatment should be followed: optimization at the starting point (selection of good indications and appropriate drugs), optimization at 12 weeks and 24 weeks (maintenance treatment or corrective treatment combined with the degree of hepatitis B virus decline).