Penguin disease is a hereditary cerebellar ataxia and the average life expectancy is usually about 25 years. However, the exact life expectancy is closely related to the patient’s physical condition, the number of years the disease has been present, and the severity of the disease. Penguin disease mostly develops between the ages of 20 and 40, and is of adult onset. It is characterized by disturbances in body balance and a gait that resembles drunkenness. Cerebellar ataxia is also characterized by motor coordination disorders, unsteady gait, loss of muscle tone, nystagmus and poetic speech disorders. There is currently no cure for penguinopathy, and the average life expectancy is usually about 25 years, but effective treatments can be used to alleviate the patient’s symptoms and improve his or her ability to take care of himself or herself. The key to the longevity of penguin disease lies in whether or not the treatment is prescribed by the doctor. It is recommended that patients maintain a positive and optimistic mindset and undergo standardized treatment as early as possible in order to prolong their survival time.