Monkeypox disease is known as monkeypox, there is no specific drug for monkeypox, current research shows that smallpox vaccination (cowpox vaccine) can prevent monkeypox, with an efficiency rate of about 85%. Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease with symptoms similar to those of smallpox, but the symptoms and death rate are milder than those of smallpox. Because monkeypox virus is similar to smallpox virus, cowpox vaccine also has a protective effect against monkeypox. Pre-exposure vaccination with cowpox vaccine is effective in protecting populations against monkeypox (including close contact with people or animals that have monkeypox). Post-exposure vaccination may also prevent the onset of illness or reduce symptoms, but the exact effect needs to be further verified. At present, the treatment for monkeypox is mainly based on supportive therapy and symptomatic treatment, and there is no effective treatment yet. Symptomatic antipyretic supportive therapy can be used when there is high fever and generalized malaise. Skin disinfection of localized areas of rash to prevent secondary infection. In May 2022, confirmed and suspected cases of monkeypox were reported in the United Kingdom and the United States. Local speculation may be related to the animal trade. There is currently no specific treatment for monkeypox, and we should do a good job of disinfection and protection in our daily lives, and avoid contact with wild animals as much as possible.