Repeat treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is due to repeated deterioration of lesions, mixed old and new nature of lesions, irreversible or unrepaired focal fibers and persistent fibrous cavities. It is not only easy to complicate hemoptysis, spontaneous pneumothorax, but also due to extensive lesions. Lung function is severely impaired. The capillary bed is reduced. This causes circulatory disorders and eventually leads to pulmonary heart disease. More critically, it is difficult to treat relapsed tuberculosis. The efficacy of treatment is not only affected by the development of drug resistance. It can also be transmitted by the expansion of mycoplasma-positive patients, resulting in many drug-resistant infectious agents, and it is important to pay great attention to relapsed, refractory tuberculosis. According to incomplete statistics, 75-80% of patients are seen in hospitals at the district and township levels and are found to have poor conditions, weak technical capacity, lack of a systematic management system and referral registration methods, and no regular treatment program. They even still insist on taking the medicine three times a day. Or play twice, resulting in chemotherapy failure, one is to make the blood can not reach an effective bactericidal concentration, and the second is to cause drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in a large number of retreatment patients, which is an important reason. 2, tuberculosis prevention and treatment knowledge is not deep, the patient to find out must be treated, treatment must be complete, early, combined, regular, the entire amount of lack of knowledge of prevention and treatment, with bad, self-conscious symptom reduction, their own stop medication, is also one of the reasons for the resurgence of tuberculosis. 3, the treatment of tuberculosis is subject to economic constraints, the family economy is better, the tuberculosis treatment is complete, the possibility of re-treatment is small, on the contrary, economic difficulties, treatment is not complete, from easy to cure into difficult to cure, from the initial treatment into re-treatment. This is also an important reason that cannot be ignored. 4, there are some patients, because of the treatment, the drug appeared a little pay effect, can not tolerate, also without the consent of the doctor and stop the drug. 5, ignore the most important sputum examination means. If the shadow of the X-ray lesion is slightly improved, it is considered as clinical cure and chemotherapy is stopped, which is one of the reasons that must be paid attention to in patients with relapse. 6, chemotherapy regimen does not reach more than two bactericidal agents or the resistance of the bacteria themselves, which is also another reason for the relapse of treatment. 7, some remote areas of rural health centers, neither sputum testing conditions, and no radiological equipment, the treatment of tuberculosis based solely on clinical experience or the patient’s self-perceived symptoms to determine the effectiveness of treatment, resulting in relapse cases. Second, the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis countermeasures 1, since the data show that the district and township health centers are the first line of detection of tuberculosis patients, to effectively control the occurrence of retreatment cases, first, to build the district and township health centers, equipped with photographic machines, microscopes, sputum testing, as the basis for diagnosing tuberculosis and monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, and second, to get high professional quality of prevention and treatment of personnel at both levels, so that comrades with clinical experience and commitment Specialize in anti-TB work. The establishment of a systematic management system and referral registration methods, the development of effective chemotherapy programs, rules for treatment, and again, the government at all levels must increase funding for tuberculosis prevention. 2. Do a good job of ideological, scientific, and mass knowledge propaganda of anti-TB, and impart health knowledge of TB to medical personnel and the general public. So that TB prevention and control measures can be implemented, in order to achieve tuberculosis “early detection, early treatment. The detection must be treated, and the treatment must be complete. 3, no matter how to find TB patients, must grasp the treatment management of the first treatment patients, especially smear-positive patients. Once active TB is diagnosed. The treatment of smear-positive patients must ensure that they continue to complete the prescribed course of treatment after the sputum is negative. As long as the prescribed course of treatment is completed and regular treatment is carried out. If the sputum bacteria are negative and it is not necessary to consider how the X-ray images on the lungs are, the treatment is considered successful and the etiological cure is achieved, and the registration can be cancelled. 4. The treatment of retreatment cases is to select three powerful and non-overlapping side effects from the remaining sensitive drugs. Or stronger side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs for treatment, an effective treatment program, must reach more than two bactericidal agents, such as after a smooth, sputum negative, and then gradually reduce the drug. 5, short course of chemotherapy after discontinuation of relapse in part to the original drug is still sensitive, you can continue to use the original treatment plan. 6, previous chemotherapy after more than a year, and residual sclerosing cavity, the possibility of obtaining resistance to the bacteria cases, try to use the unused drugs to start treatment. If it is clear that the used strong drugs are still sensitive, the weak drugs in use will be changed to strong drugs.