The recurrence rate of perianal abscess after surgery is about 10%~30%, in which age, gender, life habits, treatment effect and so on have a certain relationship with the recurrence of the disease. Perianal abscess is an infectious, purulent disease that occurs in the perirectal space, in which abscess incision and drainage is the most effective treatment, but there is still a high rate of disease recurrence. In general, for a low and simple perianal abscess, it has a recurrence rate of about 10%, while for a high and complex perianal abscess, it has a recurrence rate of about 30%. It is currently believed that factors such as age younger than 40, male, poor diet, poor local hygiene, and inadequate incision and drainage can cause perianal abscesses to be more likely to recur. Therefore, for people with certain risk factors, adequate drainage should be carried out during the first treatment to avoid the formation of pseudo healing; eat a reasonable diet, avoiding high-fat, high-sugar, spicy and stimulating food intake; ensure the health of the perianal area is dry and keep the bowel movement smooth, and maintain a good habit of life, so as to prevent recurrence of the disease. It is recommended that patients with perianal abscess after surgery, actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment, regular review, and if there is any abnormal manifestation, give early treatment to avoid aggravation of the condition.