1. What is lumbar disc herniation? Lumbar disc herniation is a series of clinical manifestations due to degenerative changes in the lumbar intervertebral discs, causing the nucleus pulposus to protrude and compress or irritate the nerve roots. The most common clinical manifestations of lumbar disc herniation are lumbar pain, numbness and radiating pain in the lower limbs. Severe patients will not be able to walk far, such as walking 500 meters or 5 minutes or so lower limb pain will be heavier, need to take a break to walk. The most common people with lumbar disc herniation are the elderly, sedentary people (white-collar workers, drivers, IT workers, etc.), heavy laborers (porters, coal miners, construction workers, etc.), and women with multiple pregnancies. 2.How to treat lumbar disc herniation? Do I need surgery? Lumbar disc herniation does not necessarily require surgical treatment, the means of treatment of lumbar disc herniation include conservative treatment and surgical treatment, surgery is not the main treatment for lumbar disc herniation, about 90% of patients with lumbar disc herniation conservative treatment is effective. Young people, the occupational group with high incidence of herniated discs, can change their living habits, adjust their working posture and do a little lumbar and back muscle exercise if they have mild lumbar pain. If the above methods are ineffective, oral painkillers + myorelaxants, or topical cream treatment, because many young people’s low back pain is mostly caused by muscle strain. However, if a patient is still unable to relieve symptoms through conservative treatment for more than half a year, and there is obvious disc herniation on imaging, surgery is needed to solve the problem. For low back pain and leg pain that severely affects life, and the presence of a herniated disc on imaging, but with good lumbar disc signal and no lumbar instability, minimally invasive surgery can be considered. For middle-aged and elderly people over 50-60 years old, conservative treatment is ineffective for more than half a year, the disc herniation is heavier, and lumbar spine instability exists, and internal fixation is needed in this case.