Weak positivity of anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody is considered as a possible cause of systemic lupus erythematosus, which is mainly considered to be caused by genetic, endocrine and immune abnormalities. If there is a weak positive anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody, it is mainly considered that systemic lupus erythematosus is possible. Anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody is a specific test for systemic lupus erythematosus, and a weak positive antibody may be due to the early stage of the disease, which requires further examination and treatment in a timely manner. Positive anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody can be caused by genetic, endocrine and immune abnormalities. Genetic, i.e., family history of SLE, and endocrine abnormalities, i.e., abnormal levels of hormones such as androgens and estrogens, as well as abnormalities in immune function, can also cause the disease. Weakly positive anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody requires active consultation and reasonable treatment according to the doctor’s instructions.