Numerous studies have shown that there is a significant positive correlation between the amount of cigarettes smoked and the risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, tumors or chronic respiratory diseases, regardless of whether the cigarettes are actively smoked or passively exposed to second-hand smoke, and that the incidence of coronary heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease is significantly higher in smokers. Statistics show that 75% of patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension have a history of smoking. The incidence of coronary heart disease among smokers is 3.5 times higher than that of non-smokers, the death rate of coronary heart disease is 6 times higher than that of the latter, and the incidence of myocardial infarction is 2-6 times higher than that of the latter. Therefore, it can be clearly said that smoking is the main risk factor for many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Statistical data show that 30-40% of deaths from cardiovascular diseases are caused by smoking, and the increase in mortality is directly proportional to the amount of smoking. Nicotine and carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke are recognized as the main harmful factors causing atherosclerosis, of which nicotine can also promote platelet aggregation, which in turn can cause thrombosis. Carbon monoxide in smoke combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which affects the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and causes tissue hypoxia, thus inducing coronary artery spasm. As a result of tissue hypoxia, it causes compensatory erythrocytosis, which increases blood viscosity. In addition, smoking can increase the level of plasma fibrinogen, resulting in coagulation system dysfunction. Due to myocardial hypoxia, myocardial stress is increased and the threshold for ventricular fibrillation is decreased, so smokers with coronary heart disease are more likely to experience arrhythmia as well as elevated risk of sudden death. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is an intervention aimed at people who have not yet developed cardiovascular disease. These interventions usually involve changing unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as smoking. Evidence from a previous cohort study showed that the risk of morbidity and mortality was significantly lower in smokers who quit than in persistent smokers. There are benefits regardless of when you quit. The sooner you quit, the more you will benefit. We have the largest smoking population in the world and the greatest health and economic losses due to smoking in our country. Therefore, preventing young people from starting to smoke and helping smokers to quit are important measures to prevent cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Smoking cessation education by health care providers is essential to help smokers quit and to prevent and control cardiovascular disease. Healthcare professionals should help patients understand the dangers of smoking, the steps to quit, the difficulties they may face and how to overcome them, provide cessation medication if necessary, and make regular follow-up appointments. Family members and friends should be invited to help build a positive and supportive environment for the patient. In addition to helping patients quit smoking, medical professional organizations should urge and support governments at all levels to formulate effective tobacco control laws and regulations to create a smoke-free environment for the public, publicize the dangers of smoking, and prevent youth from smoking. As long as the whole society takes action, a favorable social environment can be established to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and other related diseases through smoking cessation.