OVERVIEW
Overview
Respiratory stenosis refers to narrowing of the respiratory tract and ventilation dysfunction in the nose, throat, trachea, main bronchus, and segmental bronchus due to inflammation, foreign bodies, tumors, scarring, and other causes, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.
Whether medical insurance
Yes, it is
Department
Otorhinolaryngology, Respiratory Medicine
Clinical Symptoms
Inspiratory dyspnea with prolonged inspiratory phase, inspiratory effort, stridor, laryngeal sound with cervico-thoracic soft tissue inspiratory subsidence, mostly due to upper airway obstruction. Some patients show expiratory dyspnea, prolonged expiratory phase, expiratory effort, mostly due to bronchial obstruction caused by luminal narrowing, spasm, edema.
Hazards
Repeated respiratory tract infections; some patients may have a sense of dying, which may lead to sudden death in severe cases.
Examination
Laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, neck CT, chest X-ray, chest CT.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis can be confirmed according to the inspiratory dyspnea of the patient and the lesions in the respiratory tract visualized by laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy.
Treatment principle
Treatment for the cause, for granuloma, tumor can consider laryngoscopy or bronchoscopic intervention; foreign body needs to be removed through endoscopy; for laryngitis, asthma and other causes to anti-infection, asthma, hormone therapy.
Curability
Foreign bodies and benign lesions can be cured; neoplastic diseases are mostly characterized by rapid progress, poor treatment effect and easy recurrence, with poor prognosis.
Dietary advice
Acute respiratory stenosis, temporary fasting, resumption of diet after clarification of the cause or release of respiratory stenosis, especially children.
Important Reminder
Repeated infections and dyspnea require prompt medical attention to identify the cause.
Etiology
Causes
Trauma, inflammation, edema, tumor, allergy, foreign body, etc.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
Dysphonia, hoarseness, dyspnea, accompanied by stridor and laryngeal sounds.
Diagnostic basis
Diagnosis can be made by combining the patient’s typical inspiratory or expiratory dyspnea, airway stenosis on neck and chest imaging, and endoscopic manifestations.
Treatment of Dyspnea
Treatment guidelines
Clearly diagnose the cause of the disease, and treat the cause of the disease, which mostly requires endoscopic foreign body removal or interventional therapy (including stenting), etc. If the cause is unknown, the patient can be treated with tracheal stenosis. If the cause is unknown, tracheal intubation can be performed first to buy time.
Drug treatment
Severe allergy and respiratory edema are mostly treated with hormonal drugs, including nebulized inhalation and systemic application.
Surgery
Local tumor resection
Prognosis
Inflammatory and allergic respiratory stenosis can be treated urgently; neoplastic diseases tend to progress rapidly and have a poor prognosis.
Questions you may be concerned about
How to treat respiratory stenosis snoring
The causes of respiratory stenosis snoring include nasal polyps, adenoid hypertrophy, inferior turbinate hypertrophy, etc. Different treatments, such as surgery and medication, need to be taken according to different causes and conditions.
1. Nasal polyps: the occurrence of nasal polyps is related to a variety of factors, usually can be preceded by glucocorticoid treatment, such as the use of budesonide nasal spray, fluticasone propionate nasal spray, etc. If the drug treatment is not effective, it is usually feasible to use nasal polyps. If drug treatment is not effective, usually feasible endoscopic surgery to remove polyps to improve nasal ventilation and eliminate obstruction factors.
2. Adenoid hypertrophy: Surgery is usually performed to remove the adenoid tissue, and in some cases, the tonsils are removed together. However, if the tonsils are not large and the infection is mild, the adenoidectomy can be performed alone, preserving the tonsils.
3. Hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate: chronic hypertrophic rhinitis can cause hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate. Decongestant nasal spray can be used to shrink the nasal mucosa and temporarily relieve the narrowing of the airway. Hormone nasal spray can be used to control local inflammatory exudation and relieve nasal congestion. Surgery can be used to remove part of the diseased mucosal tissue if conservative treatment is not effective.
It is recommended that the patient consult a doctor to find out the cause of the nasal congestion and actively cooperate with the doctor for treatment, and the above medications should be used in accordance with the doctor’s instructions.
Nursing care
Daily care
Allergic body needs to have anti-allergic drugs; children need to be under adult supervision, especially to avoid inadvertently putting foreign objects into the mouth. Tumor patients are not adapted to strenuous activities, aggravating airway narrowing.