Traditional radical esophageal cancer surgery is the most effective means of treatment for malignant tumors of the esophagus, which is the full name of surgical resection of esophageal cancer, including tumor resection, sufficient length of esophagus at the upper and lower ends of the tumor, resection of the involved tissues and organs, freeing of the stomach, and reconstruction of the digestive tract. It usually requires three incisions in the neck, chest and abdomen, and the surgery is very traumatic. With the rapid development of modern minimally invasive surgery, esophageal cancer treatment has also entered the era of minimally invasive treatment. Currently, minimally invasive radical esophageal cancer treatment includes pure thoracoscopic esophagectomy, hand-assisted thoracoscopic transthoracic esophagectomy, thoracoscopically-assisted esophagectomy with small incision in the chest and minimally invasive stomach freeing in digestive tract reconstruction through laparoscopy or hand-assisted laparoscopy. The common goal of all these procedures is to reduce surgical trauma, accelerate postoperative recovery, and not compromise therapeutic outcomes. I. Surgical indications for thoracoscopic-assisted esophageal cancer resection: 1. Early esophageal cancer (below stage 2) 2. Tumor length