The difference between confirmed and asymptomatic infections is that confirmed cases have positive virologic tests along with clinical symptoms or blood and imaging abnormalities, whereas asymptomatic infections are those that currently only have a positive nucleic acid test for the new coronavirus. The diagnostic criteria for confirmed cases are described in detail in the Diagnostic and Treatment Program for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Ninth Edition for Trial Implementation), and confirmed cases need to have pathogenetic or serologic evidence (positive nucleic acid test for novel coronavirus or positive IgM and IgG antibodies against novel coronavirus for those who have not received novel coronavirus vaccine) based on the epidemiologic history and clinical manifestations of the disease. In contrast, asymptomatically infected persons are those who test positive for novel coronavirus nucleic acid but have no currently self-perceived or clinically recognizable signs and symptoms or imaging features of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Asymptomatically infected persons are contagious and require intensive isolation for medical observation. Asymptomatic infected persons do not require special treatment during isolation, but will have regular blood tests, imaging tests and antibody monitoring. If the infected person develops corresponding clinical manifestations or imaging changes during medical observation and meets the criteria for confirmed cases, the population will be managed accordingly according to the clinical typing of confirmed cases. Light cases will be managed in centralized isolation, while ordinary, heavy, and critical cases and cases with heavy risk factors should be treated centrally in designated hospitals. Doing a good job of personal protection and monitoring is the biggest contribution that every citizen can and should make in times of epidemic. Tips] In this article, “new coronavirus pneumonia” and “new coronavirus pneumonia” have been renamed to “new coronavirus infection” on December 26, 2022, as announced by the National Health Commission.