Leg skin dry like fish scale mostly belongs to ichthyosis, the causes include heredity, drug factors, systemic diseases, etc., different types of etiology are different. Ichthyosis according to the different causes can be divided into hereditary ichthyosis and acquired ichthyosis, which hereditary ichthyosis can also be divided into common type ichthyosis, sex chain ichthyosis, laminar ichthyosis and so on.
1. Ordinary type ichthyosis: this type is caused by heredity, the causative gene is located in chromosome 1. It is characterized by skin scales of varying sizes, light brown to dark brown, with the center of each scale attached to the skin and the edge of each scale raised, such as fish scales, and the condition can be reduced or disappeared during puberty when the sweat glands and sebaceous glands are active.
2. Sex-linked ichthyosis: it is caused by heredity, X-linked recessive heredity, usually only occurs in men, women are not morbid carriers. It is characterized by large, thick, dark black scales, and in severe cases, the accumulation of thick, dirty brown horny scales during the cold and dry seasons.
3. Laminar ichthyosis: this type is mainly caused by heredity, mainly due to transglutaminase-1 deficiency caused by TGM1 gene mutation. Patients manifested at birth or soon after the whole body was wrapped in a layer of cotton-gum-like membrane, after the membrane is removed from the skin, leaving a wide range of chronic redness, the surface of a large scales and other symptoms.
4. Acquired ichthyosis: certain systemic diseases, such as lymphoma patients, tuberculosis, hypothyroidism, leprosy, etc., can cause keratin thickening and scaling, triggering ichthyosis. In addition, the use of certain drugs, such as niacin, triphenylethanol and butyrylbenzene, can also induce ichthyosis.
It is recommended that patients confirm the diagnosis and follow the doctor’s instructions for active treatment.