There were 625 diabetic patients with gallbladder polyps in 144 cases, accounting for 23%. Among them, 132 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus had 9 gallbladder polyps accounting for 6.8%, 493 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had 135 gallbladder polyps accounting for 27%, and 625 patients with healthy physical examination had 36 gallbladder polyps accounting for 5.8%.
Conclusion The detection rate of gallbladder polyps was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in healthy individuals and type 1 diabetic patients, while the incidence of gallbladder polyps in type 1 diabetic patients did not differ from that of healthy individuals.
Possible mechanisms for the occurrence are as follows: 1. The majority of type 2 diabetic patients have hypercholesterolemia and abnormal lipid metabolism, and elevated cholesterol in the blood will lead to elevated cholesterol in the bile, and the gallbladder mucosa takes up too much cholesterol from the bile blood, leading to the destruction of the stable relationship between bile salts, cholesterol, and lecithin in the bile, and the excess cholesterol accumulates locally in the gallbladder mucosa and is The excessive cholesterol accumulates in the local mucosa of gallbladder and is phagocytosed by macrophages, which eventually becomes foam cells and forms cholesterol polyps.
2.Phytodystrophy of the gallbladder, which delays the emptying of the gallbladder.
3. Ultrastructural changes of the gallbladder wall cause microangiopathy of the gallbladder wall, which leads to blockage of nerve conduction around the gallbladder, abnormal gallbladder motor function, weak contraction of the gallbladder, stagnation of bile, increased viscosity, and obstruction of bile discharge.
In conclusion, while actively controlling blood glucose in diabetic patients, lipid regulating therapy is also very important, not only to reduce macrovascular complications, but also to reduce the incidence of gallbladder polyps in diabetic patients. Diabetic patients with gallbladder polyps are prone to gallstones and cholecystitis, and once they develop, the changes are rapid and the mortality rate is quite high.