Painful urination is classified as painful urination, and the most common causes are injury to the urethral mucosa, urinary tract infections, and urinary stones. A history of vigorous masturbation or trauma can lead to injury to the urethral mucosa, and urine passing through the injured area can cause pain. Urinary tract infections can present with urinary tract irritation signs such as frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination. Infections of the external urethra can lead to redness, swelling, and pain at the external urethral opening, as well as pain when passing the urethra during urination. Urinary stones that cut through the mucosa of the urethra during movement can present damage to the urethral mucosa accompanied by painful urination. Painful urination and painful urination may have other reasons, patients need to consult the doctor for examination and early treatment.