Colchicine has a long history in the treatment of gout, especially in the treatment of acute gout patients has always played an important role. However, with the continuous development of gout treatment, due to the many side effects and adverse reactions of colchicine, such as gastrointestinal reactions, bone marrow suppression, etc., the use of colchicine has been increasingly “far away from, discarded” in the whole process of gout treatment. However, in the mainstream guideline recommendations, colchicine is still placed in an important therapeutic position. During the acute attack of gout, the urate crystals in the joint cavity have the effect of leukocyte chemotaxis, and after phagocytosis, they release inflammatory factors and hydrolytic enzymes to cause cell necrosis, releasing more inflammatory factors, which in turn cause articular chondrolysis and soft tissue damage, leading to the onset of the disease. Colchicine can reduce leukocyte activity and phagocytosis, reduce lactic acid formation, thereby reducing the deposition of urate crystals, reduce the inflammatory response and produce pain relief. Therefore, the current guidelines in Europe and the United States still recommend colchicine’s therapeutic effect as the first-line treatment of acute phase, equivalent to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroid hormones. Currently, it is recommended that colchicine should be used as early as possible in the acute phase, mostly within 12-24 hours, and individually within 36 hours. Colchicine is not usually used as a treatment for chronic gout because it is not a uric acid-lowering drug, but it can be used as a preventive drug for acute gout attacks in the early uric acid-lowering phase, usually in small doses for 3-6 months. Because the loading dose of colchicine is close to the toxic dose, and severe peptic ulcers, heart, liver, kidney and other important organs damage and blood system involvement may occur. And after studies have shown that low-dose colchicine is similar to high-dose colchicine in early gouty attacks and is safer, small doses are now used for long-term treatment. The recommended dosage is 0.5 mg 2-3 times/day. For prevention of gouty attacks, a daily dose of <1.2 mg is recommended for at least 6 months.