Pneumothorax after lung nodule surgery is recommended to consult the surgeon to find out the possible reasons for the occurrence of pneumothorax, to review the chest CT, and to choose the treatment such as conservative observation, thoracentesis and aspiration, or closed chest drainage under the doctor’s advice. 1. Perioperative pneumothorax after lung nodule surgery (1) Not to exclude air leakage from the lung incision margin stump after lung nodule surgery: generally the amount of air leakage is small, and most of the patients’ air leakage from the lung incision margin stump can be closed and gas absorbed after resting, oxygen intake or anti-infection. (2) Air leakage around the closed drainage tube or when chest tube is removed: generally, the chest tube incision can be plugged tightly with petroleum jelly gauze or sutured again; if the amount of gas is less than 20% of the thoracic cavity, patients can rest, inhale oxygen, and the pneumothorax can be absorbed by itself; if the amount is larger, patients can be given thoracic puncture and suction again or closed drainage of the thoracic cavity. 2. Pneumothorax after lung nodule surgery: consult and treat in hospital in time, generally considered as spontaneous pneumothorax caused by rupture of alveoli or other reasons, if the volume of gas is less than 20% of the thoracic cavity, you can rest, inhale oxygen, and the pneumothorax can be absorbed by itself, if the volume is larger, give thoracentesis and aspiration or closed drainage of the chest cavity. Pneumothorax after lung nodule surgery is recommended to go to the hospital for consultation or treatment in time.