Patients with stable vital signs and no contraindications to endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding should undergo emergency endoscopy, which not only clarifies the site of bleeding, but also allows for endoscopic hemostasis.
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding refers to gastrointestinal bleeding from the oral cavity to the duodenum, and common causes include gastric or duodenal ulcers, acute gastric mucosal damage, esophagogastric fundal varices, and rupture of malignant tumors and bleeding. A small amount of bleeding is manifested as vomiting blood or black stools, while a large amount of bleeding can lead to a drop in blood volume, followed by shock.
For upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the site of hemostasis should be identified as soon as possible and hemostatic treatment should be given. Emergency endoscopy can directly visualize the damage of the digestive tract and the site, and can also complete endoscopic hemostasis under direct vision, especially for esophagogastric fundus varices rupture bleeding. If endoscopic hemostasis is not possible, surgery should be performed promptly.
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a critical condition and should be treated actively to avoid life-threatening.