Rheumatoid arthritis is a common chronic inflammatory joint disease. According to a preliminary survey, the prevalence rate in China is 0.3%. It can be seen at any age, with a predominance of 20-40 years old. In rheumatoid arthritis, joint involvement is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain and functional impairment. Rheumatoid nodules, vasculitis, cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic and ocular involvement may also be present. 80% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are positive for rheumatoid factor; in the active phase, there may be increased sedimentation and increased C-reactive protein. Hand X-rays can reveal joint bone destruction and osteoporosis. The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis mainly relies on characteristic clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations. Early diagnosis and early treatment have positive clinical significance in reducing pain and preventing joint deformity. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease. Doctors need to develop a comprehensive treatment plan based on the patient’s specific situation, taking into account all relevant factors. The drugs used include NSAIDs, second-line drugs (antimalarials, penicillamine, gold agents, salazosulfapyridine, raphe, methotrexate, leflunomide, cyclosporine A, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide), steroidal corticosteroids, biologic therapy, and gene therapy. Chinese medicine, on the other hand, should be treated with evidence.