The classification of seizures and the classification of epilepsy syndromes are described in the classification of epilepsy. The term syndrome is very commonly used in medicine. The concept of a syndrome includes a group of symptoms with similar etiology, similar progression and prognosis, but it cannot be called a disease; the disease should have the same etiology, symptoms and prognosis. In epilepsy some patients can be diagnosed with a syndrome when their presentation fits the concept of a syndrome. The difference with seizure types is that syndromes include etiology and prognosis, which helps the physician to estimate the prognosis and find the cause, whereas seizure types are only forms of seizures, and the same form of seizure may have a different prognosis. Since syndromes are closely related to prognosis, they are then further classified according to prognosis. The group of syndromes with the best prognosis of all is called benign epilepsy in children, where seizures called benign epilepsy occur from newborn to school-age children, including convulsions, restrictive seizures, and myoclonic seizures. Regardless of the type of seizures, the common features are that they have no effect on intelligence, they are largely resolved after adolescence, there are no abnormal signs on clinical examination, and imaging (CT or MRI) is completely normal. These syndromes have only been studied clearly since the 1980s. Some physicians do not advocate treatment with antiepileptic drugs if the number of seizures is rare. If seizures are frequent they can be treated with antiepileptic drugs, and the treatment is very effective no more seizures after taking the drugs. The concept of benign epilepsy in children was also clearly stated in the 1980s, which has important implications in terms of the mechanism of epileptogenesis. In the past, it was thought that all restricted seizures should be symptomatic, and the so-called primary epilepsy were all generalized seizures. The majority of benign epilepsies in this group of children were restricted seizures, which modified the past concept and introduced the concept of primary partial seizures for the first time. From an evidence-based medical perspective, the diagnosis of benign childhood epilepsy should be confirmed only when the seizures disappear after puberty. The syndrome with the best prognosis is about 20% to 30%. The syndrome with the worst prognosis is about 20%, not in terms of high mortality, but in terms of difficulty in controlling seizures, making the intellectual capacity significantly affected and progressively worse. The current antiepileptic drugs available, whether they are first-line drugs or newer antiepileptic drugs, are very ineffective in this syndrome, so we can only hope that more efficient drugs will be developed in the future. One patient is now 30 years old and has had this intractable epilepsy since childhood. She is 30 years old but can only call her mother vaguely, can only walk, and relies on her mother for food and clothing. With such a daughter, her father left them, and her mother has to treat her daughter on top of the meager wages she receives as a worker. Whenever I saw her pushing this silly daughter in a cart to the doctor, I felt very guilty as a doctor, and I felt the greatness of mother’s love when I saw her hopeless and begging gaze. The most common syndrome in this category is infantile convulsions and the syndrome called LG, the first letter of the names of two French doctors, which is the least effective syndrome to treat. There are also some rare syndromes such as Otahara syndrome and early myoclonic encephalopathy. More unfortunately, these syndromes with very poor prognosis occur in children. In between these two groups are the epilepsy syndromes with a better prognosis, which have a better effect on antiepileptic drug therapy, with most seizures being controlled with medication and eventually discontinued. This group accounts for about 30% to 40% of all syndromes and includes children with atonic epilepsy, and generalized tonic clonic epilepsy. The prognosis for other syndromes varies from patient to patient, with most seizures being controlled but some difficulty in stopping the medication. These syndromes can have their onset in adulthood. The diagnosis of epilepsy syndromes in clinical practice, although difficult, should be at the level of a syndrome whenever possible, which is more helpful to physicians in considering the cause, selecting medications and determining prognosis than a diagnosis of only a certain seizure type.