Peritoneal dialysis is a form of dialysis that uses the body’s own peritoneum as the dialysis membrane. Through the exchange of solutes and water between the dialysis fluid instilled into the peritoneal cavity and the plasma components in the capillaries on the other side of the peritoneum, the body’s retained metabolites and excess water are removed, while the body’s essential substances are replenished through the dialysis fluid. The purpose of renal replacement or support therapy is achieved through continuous renewal of the abdominal dialysis fluid. No special equipment is needed, it is easy to master, safe and effective, and it can be widely used in medical units at all levels, and patients can be trained to operate it at home; its efficacy in relieving uremia is not inferior to that of hemodialysis; there are few absolute contraindications to abdominal dialysis, and many patients who are not suitable for hemodialysis can do it. Compared with hemodialysis, it has the following advantages: 1. better protection of residual kidney function than hemodialysis; 2. better blood pressure and fluid control than hemodialysis in the initial years of dialysis, which is conducive to the stability of cardiovascular system function; 3. higher quality of life; 4. better improvement of anemia than hemodialysis; 5. lower incidence of delayed recovery of kidney function after peritoneal dialysis to transplantation; 6. less chance of blood contamination; 7. The survival rate in 2 to 3 years is higher or the same as that of hemodialysis; 8. Patients or family members can carry out peritoneal dialysis at home by themselves after training. It is especially suitable for patients who do not have a hospital around their place of residence to carry out peritoneal dialysis at home.