The newborn period is the most special period of the child stage, refers to the stage from birth to full 28 days, is the baby’s first month in the world, because just out of the mother, the body’s normal physiological functions will have a large change. Newborn babies are delicate and fragile, can not express their needs, hungry and crying? Cry when you are hungry? Cry when you pee? Or uncomfortable also cries …… Whenever this happens, parents’ hearts also follow the irritation, some even blame each other. As a new parent, you need to be prepared to learn some common sense knowledge about caring for your newborn baby, and more importantly, to understand the signs of abnormalities in your newborn’s health! In the twenty years I have been in the neonatal profession, I have experienced many times when parents failed to recognize the condition of their newborn baby in time, resulting in untimely delivery to the doctor and delaying the best time for rescue, which eventually led to tragedy. For example, if a child is crying, does it mean that he or she is not feeling well? And the child has been sleeping, does not mean very well behaved? Today summarize some of their usual insights, several newborn baby common critical illness performance, I hope to help all new parents, parents-to-be. One should learn: look at the color of the face Normal newborn babies: the face is rosy, accompanied by physiological jaundice period is red with a slight yellow. Most newborn babies with critical illnesses are pale or even gray, with blue skin and perioral cyanosis (commonly known as “purple”). This is a sign that the baby is very sick and needs to be immediately admitted to the NICU for resuscitation, mostly because of poor circulation due to lung disease or heart disease. Especially within 24 hours after the baby is born, be sure to carefully observe whether the baby’s face is rosy. Two to learn: point breathing Normal newborn baby: the number of breaths in a quiet state can not be greater than 60 times. If you find that your baby is breathing faster, you should first see if your baby has a fever. If you don’t have a fever, you should consider the possibility of neonatal pneumonia. This is because most neonatal pneumonia is not necessarily a cough, but rather shortness of breath and foaming. In addition, you can also look at the baby’s breathing status. If the chest also rises and falls at the same time every time you breathe, it indicates that there is also breathing difficulty, because the normal newborn breathing is abdominal breathing. In this case, it is also necessary to go to the hospital promptly. Three to learn: feel the stomach normal newborn baby: press the abdominal soft. Many babies with digestive problems, the first manifestation is abdominal distension, especially if they have digestive abnormalities, such as congenital megacolon. When the weather is cold in winter, many parents are afraid to give their babies a bath, and it is difficult to observe whether the baby’s belly is bulging or not, and they only come to the clinic when the baby is vomiting severely, or even malnourished, which makes the later treatment difficult. It is recommended that parents can also observe the baby’s abdomen when changing diapers. If you feel that the baby’s abdomen is bulging significantly, or even looks bright and shiny, you can feel it with your hands, as a normal newborn baby’s abdomen is soft when pressed. Some babies’ abdomens look bulging but are soft when pressed, which is generally normal. Of course, do not drink milk immediately after the tummy press, will cause baby vomiting. Four to learn: listen to the sound of crying Normal newborn babies: cry loudly, and generally every 2 to 3 hours, when he is hungry, will also use a loud cry to express needs. If a baby sleeps all the time and does not cry, this is not a sign of good behavior, it could be that the baby is already sick! In clinical practice, we often remind young doctors to focus on children who are not crying. Also, what is the “moaning sound”? I often encounter newborns who are very sick making “moaning noises”, but many parents think they are crying and don’t pay much attention to them, so they don’t get to the doctor in time. Here I would like to remind parents that the moaning must not stop, while the crying time is relatively short and the moaning sound is usually weak. Five to observe: milk consumption Normal newborn baby: strong sucking. If a newborn baby can suck very strongly, then we can say that this baby is a very healthy newborn! So, how much milk should you drink every day to be considered normal? Generally speaking, it is 120-150 ml/day per kilogram of body weight. Usually we advocate feeding on demand, where a normal child will naturally want to eat when hungry, rather than parents following a schedule. Parents should observe the amount of milk eaten, but also to see if the milk eating is strong? Is there any vomiting after eating milk? If there is vomiting, is there any yellow bile in the vomit contents? If the vomit is only a little bit of milk, you can strengthen the milk and pat the back afterwards and continue to observe. However, if your baby has yellow bile in the vomitus or vomits with large mouthfuls, you should seek medical attention promptly. The above list are some of the more serious manifestations of newborn babies, parents should also pay attention to the child’s temperature, urinary and fecal conditions, etc. Newborns do not express their needs, and their condition changes quickly, so once you find any abnormalities in the above areas, please seek medical attention promptly. Don’t wrap your baby too tightly and keep the airway open while taking him to the doctor, and watch his face and breathing on the way.