This case creates the precedent of lung tumor resection under extracorporeal circulation in our thoracic surgery department, which is at the advanced level in China. Case: Wang Mou, female, 41 years old. She was admitted to the hospital with intermittent coughing and found a lung mass for six months. No bloody sputum, no fever, no chest pain. Thoracic CT and MRI showed that the right lung hilar was occupied, encircling the right lung artery and vein and invading the bilateral atria, which was considered to be a high possibility of lung cancer. Bronchoscopy showed new organisms in the middle lobe of the right lung, the inner mucosa of the lower lobe was slightly congested, and no abnormality was seen in the upper lobe segments. Pathology consultation: (right middle and lower lobes) a little spindle cell tumor tissue, combined with immunohistochemistry, may be intermediate-type neurogenic tumor. The patient had consulted Shanghai Chest Hospital and Peking Union Medical College Hospital respectively, and both of them recommended radiotherapy because of the large tumor, extensive invasion of cardiac blood vessels in the surrounding tissues, and the difficulty and risk of surgery. After 4 weeks of radiotherapy with 5600CGY, the tumor did not shrink but increased in size in chest CT. Chest tightness and cough worsened. After comprehensive preoperative examination, no distant metastasis and normal cardiopulmonary function, the patient underwent right total lung resection, partial resection of right and left atria and atrial septum, partial resection of superior vena cava root, and pericardial repair under extracorporeal circulation by right posterior posterior lateral incision in April 2007 with adequate preoperative preparation. After the operation, the patient had a good recovery.