A ventilator is a medical device that delivers air containing oxygen into the lungs and expels gas containing carbon dioxide out of the body to help the respiratory system complete ventilation, mainly by applying pressure directly at the opening of the airway, with gas being pressurized into the alveoli during inspiration and expelled during expiration with passive recovery from the chest and lungs. According to the way breathing is converted from inspiration to expiration it can be divided into three categories, pressure switching, volume switching, and time switching. Ventilators have been commonly used in modern medicine for respiratory failure due to various causes, anesthesia during surgery, respiratory management, respiratory support therapy and emergency resuscitation, and occupy a very important position in the medical field. A ventilator is a medical device that can play a vital role in preventing and treating respiratory failure, reducing complications, and saving and prolonging patients’ lives. A ventilator is only a medical device that provides respiratory support, not etiological treatment, and cannot cure the disease. Depending on the way the ventilator is connected to the patient, it is divided into non-invasive ventilation and invasive ventilation. Non-invasive ventilation is mainly connected to the patient directly through a mask or nasal mask, while invasive ventilation is mainly connected to the patient through a tracheal intubation or tracheotomy.