Diabetic hyperosmolar coma is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus, often occurring in elderly patients, with clinical manifestations of impaired consciousness, dawning consciousness, and in severe cases, coma. The main clinical care measures are as follows: 1. closely monitor the patient’s vital signs, pay attention to the patient’s blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and oxygen saturation. 2. observe the patient’s state of consciousness, understand whether the patient has progressive aggravation of consciousness, and closely observe the patient’s pupil condition. 3. do a good job of basic care, need to do a good job of oral, skin and urethral external care, to avoid the occurrence of medical source infection. 4. The patient needs intravenous rehydration, small doses of insulin continuous sedation, close observation of the patient’s urine volume and the degree of blood glucose decline. 5, grasp or adjust the gradient of blood glucose drop osmolarity drop to prevent brain cell edema.