1.Lumbar pain is the most common and first symptom of most patients with this disease, with an incidence of about 91%. Most patients first feel dull pain or soreness in the lower back after trauma, cold or overexertion, which affects daily life and work, and the pain is relieved or heals itself after rest, and increases after labor. After weeks, months or years, the patient gradually feels radiating neuralgia in one lower limb. This indicates that in the early stage, only the fibrous ring ruptured, so the back pain is mainly. When the protrusion continues to increase and stimulates the nerve root, the radiological neuralgia of the lower extremity will appear. 2.Radiation pain in the lower extremity can have different manifestations according to different parts of lumbar disc herniation. High lumbar disc herniation (lumbar 2 to 3, 3 to 4) can cause femoral neuralgia, but its incidence is less, and most patients have lumbar 4 to 5 and lumbar 5 to sacral 1 disc herniation, so sciatica is the most common. Typical sciatica is a radiating pain from the lower lumbar region to the buttocks, posterior thighs, and lateral calves all the way to the feet, and the pain is exacerbated by increased abdominal pressure when the patient coughs, sneezes, or has a bowel movement. The flexion neck test is also known as the Linder test and the Soto-Hall sign. The patient lies on his back, the examiner places one hand on the chest and the other on the back of the pillow, and gradually flexes the neck forward, which is positive if there is lumbago and sciatica. When the neck is flexed forward, the spinal cord rises 1 to 2 cm in the spinal canal, and the nerve roots are pulled, and pain in the nerve distribution area occurs when the nerve roots are compressed. The nature of pain in the lower limbs can be numbness, tingling, swelling, burning pain, with numbness being the most common. In the early stage, the pain is hyperalgesia, and in more severe cases, the pain is dulled or numb. The nature of lower extremity pain can be numbness, tingling, swelling, burning pain, with numbness being the most common. In the early stage, the pain is allergic to nociception, and in the more severe cases, the sensation is dulled or numb. 3, numbness and sensory disorders vary depending on the location of the herniated disc and the nerve roots involved. Lumbar 4 and 5 disc herniation can involve lumbar 4 and 5 nerve roots, and its pain and numbness and other abnormal sensory areas are mostly in the posterior thigh, lateral calf and dorsal side of the calcaneus. Lumbar 5 sacral 1 disc herniation can involve lumbar 5 and sacral l nerve roots, and its pain and numbness and other abnormal sensory areas are mostly in the posterior thigh, posterior lateral calf, dorsal plantar lateral side of the foot and lateral side of 4 and 5 toes. 4, the cauda equina nerve compression to the posterior protrusion of the nucleus pulposus or large pieces of fibrous annulus medullaris tissue into the spinal canal, free disc tissue can compress the cauda equina nerve, can appear cauda equina nerve damage symptoms. The symptoms are numbness and tingling in the perineum, fecal and sexual dysfunction, and radicular pain in both lower extremities. In severe cases, urinary and fecal incontinence and bilateral lower limb paralysis may occur.