Common diseases in orthopedic surgery are divided into the following categories: first, spinal diseases, such as cervical disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, cervical longitudinal ligament ossification, scoliosis, lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, spinal fracture and spinal cord injury; second, extremity joint diseases, such as ischemic necrosis of femoral head, osteoarthritis of knee joint, osteoarthritis of ankle joint and periarthritis of shoulder joint; third, hand surgery diseases, such as tendon injury and stenosing tenosynovitis; fourth, neoplastic diseases, such as osteosarcoma, osteochondroma, chondrosarcoma, bone cyst, osteoid osteoma and bone metastasis cancer.