The vagus nerve is the tenth longest traveling pair of cranial nerves in the skull and includes afferent and efferent fibers that reach the nucleus of the solitary tract, thalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala in the brain and travel up to the cerebral cortex to release inhibitory transmitters. The vagus nerve plays a role in the digestive system, circulatory system, and respiratory system. Overexcitation of the vagus nerve causes a decrease in cardiac contraction force and a slow heart rate. A class of surgical procedures for drug-refractory epilepsy exists clinically, called vagus nerve stimulation. By stimulating vagus nerve targets in the skull, such as the solitary bundle nucleus, hippocampus, amygdala, and squamous cortex, inhibitory transmitters are released, providing effective seizure control.