Abdominal wall hernia is a common disease in general surgery. Since Bassini proposed the first modern, anatomically based treatment of hernia in 1887, hernia surgery has gone through a long process of development, and until now Bassini repair is still one of the most basic hernia repair procedures for surgeons. However, patients with inguinal hernias still have a recurrence rate of 5-10% after surgery. This situation until the mid-1980s and early 1990s, with the mature application of synthetic hernia repair materials, Los Angeles Hernia Center hernia surgery experts Lichtenstein equal to 1989 proposed the concept of tension-free hernioplasty, followed by a variety of tension-free hernia repair techniques and repair material devices continue to develop. In the mid-1990s, the use of laparoscopy in hernia repair surgery allowed surgeons to view the anatomy of the inguinal region more clearly from inside the abdominal cavity, leading to the acceptance of the posterior approach preperitoneal repair technique. Ventral wall hernia surgery is generally considered a minor operation performed by junior general surgeons, so why is laparoscopy necessary? Laparoscopic repair of extra-abdominal hernias is a new technique developed in the early 1990s, which is a tension-free “posterior approach”, “pre-peritoneal or intra-abdominal” repair. The concept of Myopectineal orifice (MPO) and the preperitoneal space are the anatomical basis for this procedure, and the advancement of modern repair materials and laparoscopic equipment are the prerequisites for the application of this technique. The application of laparoscopy makes the wound greatly reduced, the separated hernia sac and the placed patch do not communicate with the outside world directly, reducing the infection rate of the wound and patch; the abdominal wall tissue does not need to be widely free to help maintain the strength of the abdominal wall; the use of patch has the effect of preventing the intestines and the abdomen from adhering to each other, reducing the incidence of surgical complications; due to the pubic symphysis and the anterior peritoneal space has been strengthened, a single operation can be used to repair the hernia at the same time straight hernia, hiatal hernia and femoral hernia. The procedure can simultaneously repair straight hernia, hiatal hernia and femoral hernia. Most scholars believe that laparoscopic technology has obvious advantages in the treatment of bilateral hernia and recurrent hernia: bilateral simultaneous avoidance of larger incisions, implantation of larger patches to reduce recurrence, and better results for recurrent hernia repair from the previous repair level. In our current clinical practice, bilateral hernia and recurrent hernia can be prioritized for laparoscopic repair, and unilateral hernia can be selected according to the patient’s conditions and wishes.