What is Ménière’s disease?

  Meniere’s disease is an idiopathic inner ear disease with the basic pathological change of membranous vagal effusion. The clinical manifestations are recurrent episodes of rotational vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus and a feeling of fullness in the ear. There is no vertigo between episodes. Diagnosis based on 1. Recurrent episodes of rotational vertigo lasting from 20 minutes to several hours, with at least 2 episodes. It is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting and balance disorder. No loss of consciousness. May be accompanied by horizontal or horizontal rotational nystagmus.  2. At least one pure tone audiometry for sensorineural hearing loss. Early low-frequency hearing loss, hearing fluctuations, with the progression of the disease hearing loss gradually aggravated. The phenomenon of reverberation may appear.  Hearing loss can be determined by having the following three items: (1) 10, 25, 0, 5, 1kHz hearing threshold average value is 15dB or more than 15dB higher than 1, 2, 3kHz hearing threshold average value; (2) 20, 25, 0, 5, 1, 2, 3kHz affected ear hearing threshold average value is 20dB or more than 20dB higher than the healthy ear; (3) 30, 25, 0, 5, 1, 2, 3kHz average The threshold is greater than 25dBHL. 3.Tinnitus. It is intermittent or persistent, and changes before and after the vertigo attack.  4. There may be a feeling of fullness in the ear.  5. Exclude vertigo caused by other diseases, such as positional vertigo, vestibular neuritis, drug-induced vertigo, sudden deafness with vertigo, insufficient blood supply to the basilar artery and intracranial occupational lesions.  Evaluation of vertigo: The average number of vertigo attacks per month in the last six months after treatment is compared with the average number of attacks per month in the six months before treatment, i.e. the score = the number of attacks per month after treatment / the number of attacks per month before treatment × 100. The score can be divided into 5 grades: Grade A 0 (complete control, not to be interpreted as “cure”) ); Grade B 1 to 40 (basic control); Grade C 41 to 80 (partial control); Grade D 81 to 120 (no control); Grade E >120 (exacerbation).  Hearing assessment: The average value of the worst 0, 25, 0, 5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz hearing thresholds in the 6 months before treatment minus the average value of the worst corresponding frequency hearing threshold in the 18-24 months after treatment was assessed.  Grade A improvement >30dB or hearing threshold <20dBHL for each frequency; Grade B improvement 15-30dB; Grade C improvement 0-14dB (ineffective); Grade D improvement <0 (deterioration).