What is Ménière’s disease? Definition: Ménière’s disease is an idiopathic inner ear disease characterized by episodes of vertigo, fluctuating deafness, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear, with fluid accumulation in the membrane vagus as the basic pathological change. Etiology: The etiology of Ménière’s disease is unknown, but it may be related to impaired vascular microcirculation in the inner ear, allergic reactions, viral infections, endocrine disorders, and imbalance of endolymphatic fluid production and absorption. Symptoms: The typical symptoms are episodic vertigo, fluctuating deafness, and tinnitus. 1.Vertigo: It is characterized by sudden onset of severe vertigo, which is rotational in nature, i.e., you feel yourself or the surrounding objects rotating, and you feel the vertigo increase when your head moves slightly. It is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, pale face and other symptoms of plant nerve disorder. The vertigo usually decreases after a few hours and gradually disappears. The intermittent period can be several weeks, months or years, and the symptoms can disappear completely during the intermittent period. 2.Tinnitus: Most of them have tinnitus before the vertigo attack, but it is often unnoticed. Tinnitus can be intermittent or persistent, and it usually increases when vertigo attacks. 3. Deafness: It is often unconscious in the early stage, and hearing loss is usually felt in the attack period, mostly on one side. Hearing often recovers during the interval, but when it occurs again, hearing decreases again, i.e. a characteristic phenomenon of hearing fluctuation appears. Early hearing is mainly low frequency hearing loss, but after repeated attacks, high frequency hearing also decreases. 4.Other: There may be a feeling of swelling and fullness in the affected ear or a feeling of heaviness and pressure in the head during vertigo attacks. Treatment: 1. Conservative treatment Generally, comprehensive treatment with the main purpose of adjusting the function of vegetative nerves, improving microcirculation in the inner ear, and relieving water accumulation in the membrane vagus is adopted. This includes bed rest, low-salt diet, diuretics and medication to improve microcirculation in the inner ear. 2.Surgical treatment: For those who have frequent attacks, conservative treatment is ineffective and vertigo affects work and life, surgical treatment can be considered. Surgical methods are divided into two categories: ① conservative surgery mainly endolymphatic sac surgery, which is a physiological surgery with an efficiency of 60-70% and is the first choice of surgical treatment. ② Destructive surgery: such as vagotomy, transcranial middle fossa or posterior vestibular neurectomy via sigmoid sinus, etc., can be performed after the lymphatic sac surgery is ineffective. 3, other treatment methods: low-pressure pulse therapy, intra-drum injection of dexamethasone, intra-drum injection of gentamicin and other treatments.