A, the principle of nutritional treatment of obesity
1.Energy
Adult obesity patients can be supplied with daily energy according to 15-20Kcal/Kg. The energy reduction should be carried out gradually, and the weight loss value can be used to monitor whether the energy supply is reasonable. Generally, it is appropriate to reduce body weight by 0.5-1.0Kg per month. Too fast a reduction is not good for the organism. After the body weight is reduced to the normal range or reasonable range, the energy value for maintaining the body weight is given.
2.Protein
For all kinds of obesity patients, in reducing energy intake at the same time, should supply sufficient protein. At the same time should ensure that high-quality protein accounts for more than 50% of the total protein, can increase the intake of lean meat, fish and shrimp, skim milk, soybean products and other food. However, the supply of protein should not be too high to prevent damage to liver and kidney function.
3.Fat and cholesterol
The intake of fat should be limited, especially the intake of animal fat should be limited. For patients with normal blood cholesterol, the intake should be controlled below 300mg per day; for patients who have increased blood cholesterol, it should be controlled below 200mg per day.
4.Carbohydrate
The intake of carbohydrates should be limited, and its heat production ratio should be controlled at 50%-60%. Carbohydrates in the body can be transformed into fat, especially the obese intake of refined sugar, more easily stored in the form of fat, so should be the main source of complex carbohydrates as carbohydrates.
5, dietary fiber
Should increase the intake of dietary fiber. Special emphasis should be placed on increasing the intake of soluble dietary fiber, more wheat bran bread, konjac products, pectin, seaweed products and other foods.
6.Vitamins and minerals
In the low-calorie diet, the intake of vitamins and minerals should reach the standard of DRIs to meet the needs of the body. Excessive salt intake can cause blood pressure fluctuations in obese patients, and may also stimulate appetite and increase food intake. Therefore, the daily salt intake of obese patients should be controlled at 3-5 g. Need to prohibit or use less squash, soy bean curd, pickled vegetables, pickles, ham, etc.
7.Purine
Purine intake is too high can increase the patient’s liver, kidney burden, and may induce gout, so should limit the intake of high purine food, such as animal offal, thick meat soup, etc.
8.Cooking method
The cooking methods such as cold, steaming, boiling, boiling and baking can be used, and methods such as deep-frying and frying are prohibited.
9.Meal times
3-6 meals per day, in the early stage of weight loss, it is appropriate to use a small number of meals to reduce hunger and reduce the risk of hypoglycemia.
10.Food selection
Low calorie, low saturated fat, low cholesterol, high dietary fiber food, high sugar, high cholesterol, high purine, high animal fat food is prohibited.
Second, the Chinese medicine food therapy medicine meal
Hawthorn and lotus leaf tea
Recipe】Hawthorn 15g, lotus leaf 12g.
The method of preparation] the above drugs together research coarse powder, add water decoction 3 times.
Efficacy】Lowering blood pressure and eliminating fat.
Usage】1 dose daily, drink as tea.
Recipe example
200g of main food, 250g of milk, 1000g of vegetables, 80g of meat, 50g of soy products, 15g of oil, 4g of salt.
Total energy 1334Kcal, protein 63g (19%), fat 38g (26%), carbohydrate 185g (55%).