Functional exercise is very important for patients after lumbar spine surgery. Functional exercise of the limbs during postoperative bed rest can prevent muscle atrophy, prevent nerve root adhesions, improve the body’s resistance and prevent complications. For example, chest expansion exercises and deep breathing exercises can increase lung capacity, promote pulmonary ventilation and prevent pulmonary complications; daily clockwise abdominal massage can enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis and reduce abdominal distension, constipation and urinary retention. The functional exercise of postoperative patients should be carried out under the guidance of doctors and nurses. After 48 hours postoperatively, exercise of the extensor and flexor muscles of both lower limbs should be done. Objectives: 1. To promote blood circulation in the limbs and prevent deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs; 2. To restore muscle strength of the atrophied muscles and restore limb function; 3. To prevent postoperative nerve root adhesions. Exercise method: On the first day after surgery, do exercises for the extensor and flexor muscles of both lower limbs. Extensor exercise: supine position, straighten the knee joint, dorsiflex the foot with force, insist on 5-10 seconds and then relax, alternate the two legs as a group. At the beginning, do 10-20 sets each time, 2-3 times a day, gradually increasing the number of exercises. Flexion training: supine position, straighten the knee joint, do plantarflexion training, 2-3 times a day, 10-20 times per group at the beginning, then gradually increase the number of exercises; on the 3rd-14th postoperative days, do functional exercises of the integrated lower limb muscles. Method: In supine position, do the activities of knee and hip extension and flexion, alternating between the two legs repeatedly, 2-3 times a day, 10-20 times each time at the beginning, and gradually increase later. Note: Dorsiflexion of the foot means hooking the toe upward, and plantar flexion of the foot means stepping the toe downward. Functional exercises for the low back muscles were done 2 weeks after the operation. Purpose: Postoperative exercise of the lumbar back muscles and abdominal muscles can enhance their muscle strength, play the role of internal support, which is conducive to the stability of the lumbar spine and consolidate the effect of surgical treatment. Exercise method: 1, “five-point support” method: supine position, head, elbows and heels as the fulcrum, waist and back as much as possible suspended; 2, “four-point support” method: supine position, hands and heels as the fulcrum, chest and waist up, trunk suspended, mainly for young adults 3, “three-point support” method: supine position, upper limbs placed in front of the chest, head and heels as a pivot point, waist and back as far back as possible, so that the back suspension. Cervical spine lesions are used with caution; 4, “small swallow fly”: prone position, abdominal support, double upper limbs, double lower limbs and head as far back as possible. Exercise principle: 2-3 times a day, each time for 5-10 seconds, then put down the rest for 5-10 seconds, and then repeat the above actions, so repeatedly 5-10 for a time, step by step, gradually increase the number of training and the number of times, to the lumbar muscles without soreness The number and frequency of exercises should be gradually increased, so that the lumbar muscles are not sore. Post-operative activities on the ground. About 1 week after surgery, after taking the film, according to the condition of internal fixation and bone quality, you can wear a lumbar brace or support to get out of bed and move around. If there is no panic, nausea and other discomfort, you can sit on the edge of the bed with your buttocks as the center; if there is no discomfort, you can stand for a moment with the help of nursing staff or family members, or you can lift your legs in place with the power of the walking frame; if there is no panic or leg weakness, you can walk with the help of the walking frame 5, the lower limbs and lumbar muscles have strength before gradually walking independently. Notes on rehabilitation training. 1, the functional training plan of the lumbar spine after surgery, according to the age, condition, mode of surgery and the patient’s physical condition and tolerance to determine the intensity of rehabilitation training; 2, any functional training should follow the principle of “step by step”, the number from small to large, the time from short to long, the number of times gradually increase, the intensity from weak to strong; 3, Rehabilitation training should be carried out under the guidance of doctors and nurses; 4, the age of surgery is more than 65 years old, cardiac insufficiency, large intraoperative bleeding, multiple laminectomy patients, exercise time and mode should be appropriately delayed according to medical advice to start exercise time or moderately reduce the intensity of exercise; 5, after the completion of functional training, should be moderate to no obvious soreness of both lower limbs and lumbar muscles. Wear a lumbar brace. Purpose: 1.To maintain the normal physiological anterior convexity of the lumbar spine and increase the stability of the spine; 2.To reduce the load on the spine; 3.To prevent excessive twisting and flexion of the lumbar region and rotation and to accelerate the healing of the bones. Post-discharge precautions. 1, diet: you can eat a high protein, high vitamin low fat easy to digest diet, such as eggs, lean meat, fresh fruits and vegetables. Avoid overeating and pay attention to the diet. If you have special diseases, such as diabetes, you should control your diet. If you have chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes or have discharge with medication, take it on time; and keep the bowel movement smooth. 2, rest and exercise: bed rest is the main, lying on a hard bed is appropriate, to ensure adequate sleep time; continue functional training, such as quadriceps, lumbar back muscles and abdominal muscle training, to gradually increase, to quantify; avoid bending arch back action; avoid lumbar scoliosis, twisting sudden force; avoid heavy physical labor and intense exercise; avoid wearing high heels; try to sit less, more bed, appropriate activities. Insist on wearing a waist brace or support for 3 months.