The clinical manifestations of ventricular septal defect include dyspnea, palpitation, cyanosis, and susceptibility to infection, etc., or there may be no obvious symptoms, and the specific manifestations vary according to the size of the defect and the amount of fractional flow.
1. Small ventricular septal defect: the defect is small, the shunt flow is small, usually no obvious performance.
2. Medium-sized ventricular septal defect: some patients may have exertional dyspnea, i.e. dyspnea during exercise or physical activity.
3. Large ventricular septal defect: the defect is large and the shunt volume is high, and feeding difficulties, slow development, recurrent respiratory infections, and congestive heart failure may occur after birth. Patients who make it through infancy may develop shortness of breath, palpitations on exertion, poor activity tolerance, and gradually develop cyanosis and right heart failure. Patients with ventricular septal defects are prone to infective endocarditis.
Patients with ventricular septal defects should find out the size of the defect and the amount of bypass flow and follow the doctor’s instructions.