Hypertension is divided into two types: primary hypertension and secondary hypertension, with primary hypertension accounting for more than 90%. The etiology of primary hypertension is not clear enough, and it is thought that it can be divided into two aspects: genetic factors and environmental factors. Hypertension is hereditary, and a history of hypertension in parents increases the likelihood of hypertension in their children, but genetics has a significantly lower impact on hypertension than lifestyle habits and environmental factors. Therefore, it is important to understand the risk factors that lead to hypertension and prevent it in advance. 70% to 80% of hypertension occurrences are related to unhealthy lifestyles. The following environmental factors predispose to hypertension: high salt diet, overweight or obesity, chronic excessive smoking and alcohol consumption, chronic mental stress and lack of exercise. In addition, age is also a cause of vulnerability to hypertension. Men > 55 years old and women after menopause are prone to hypertension. This is because blood vessels become more rigid with age, which increases the resistance of blood vessels around the body and raises blood pressure. If the high blood pressure is caused by certain diseases (such as kidney disease, primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, etc.), it is called secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension is poorly treated with medication and must be treated for the cause, which can be effectively lowered or even restored to normal after removal. It is believed that the pathogenesis of hypertension is focused on the following links: sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity, renal water and sodium retention, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.