1.Botulinum toxin injection treatment technology for limb muscle spasm The application of botulinum toxin in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine mainly focuses on the treatment of limb muscle spasm caused by diseases, such as spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury and cerebral palsy patients with lower limb extensor spasm, adductor spasm; stroke patients with upper limb flexion spasm, lower limb inversion foot deformity, etc. Severe spasm can affect the patient’s appearance and ability to perform activities of daily living, and cause heavy burden to the family. This can cause a heavy burden to the family. The mechanism of botulinum toxin is that botulinum toxin acts on the endings of cholinergic motor nerves, antagonizes the effect of calcium ions, interferes with the release of acetylcholine from motor nerve endings, and prevents muscle fibers from contracting, resulting in muscle relaxation. Since 2005, under the guidance and support of Director Hu Xingyue of the Department of Neurology, our department has been carrying out botulinum toxin injection treatment for limb muscle spasm, and has accumulated clinical injection experience of hundreds of cases, and in 2012, we also participated in the revision of the Guidelines for Botulinum Toxin Injection for Adult Limb Spasm in China. Indications Indications: Patients with limb muscle spasm caused by stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, pediatric cerebral palsy and other diseases, patients with osteoarthrosis of the knee joint. 2.Clinical surface electromyography (surface electromyography, sEMG), also known as dynamic electromyography, is a bioelectric signal of the neuromuscular system activity that is guided and recorded from the muscle surface by electrodes. It can reflect neuromuscular activity to a certain extent because of its correlation with muscle activity and functional state. sEMG is a simple, non-invasive and easily accepted EMG activity, which can be used to test a wide range of EMG signals and can help reflect the physiological and biochemical changes of muscles during exercise; it can measure muscle activity not only at rest, but also continuously during various exercises. It is not only a meaningful diagnostic evaluation method for motor function, but also a better biofeedback treatment technique. Therefore, it is of great practical value in the diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases in clinical medicine, the ergonomic analysis of muscle work in the field of ergonomics in colleges and universities, and in the field of sports medicine, mainly for fatigue determination, analysis of the rationality of exercise techniques, non-injury prediction of muscle fiber types and anaerobic threshold, diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases and evaluation of muscle function in the field of rehabilitation in hospitals. Since 2009, the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine has accumulated rich clinical experience in surface electromyography diagnostic technology, and this diagnostic technology is at the leading level in China. Indications: lumbar disc herniation, lumbar dorsal myofasciitis, chronic lumbar strain, cervical spondylosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, etc. 3.Lower back pain of lumbar multifidus muscle ultrasound diagnostic technique Chronic low back pain (CLBP) refers to a group of syndromes with lumbar, lumbosacral and hip pain and discomfort as the main symptoms, which is a common disease in the field of rehabilitation medicine, clinical medicine and sports medicine and seriously affects people’s health level and quality of life. Although the causes are many and the pathological mechanisms are extremely complex, more and more basic and clinical medical studies have found that chronic low back pain of all causes is largely causally related to the functional status of the lumbar multifidus muscles, which maintain the stability of the lumbar spine, and the lumbar multifidus muscles are deep spinal muscles that are more developed in the lumbar region and play an important role in the stability of the lumbar interbody. Therefore, dysfunction, abnormal control and atrophy of the multifidus muscle and other dysfunctions cause lumbar pain by affecting the stability of the lumbar spine. The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, together with the Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, has been carrying out clinical ultrasound examination of the multifidus muscle in patients with chronic low back pain since 2013, and is the only hospital in Zhejiang Province to carry out this technology. Therefore, rehabilitation of the core muscles of the low back is the key to the non-surgical treatment of chronic low back pain patients, and this diagnostic technique is the leading level in China. Indications: lumbar disc herniation, lumbar back fasciitis, chronic lumbar muscle strain, etc. 4.Gait analysis diagnostic technology for clinical diseases Walking is the most repetitive overall movement in human daily life, and gait analysis is an examination method to study the walking pattern, aiming to reveal the key aspects and influencing factors of abnormal gait through biomechanical and kinematic means. In clinical work, patients with neurological or skeletal-muscular system diseases that may affect walking ability need to undergo gait analysis to assess whether abnormal gait exists and the nature and degree of abnormal gait, so as to provide the necessary basis for analyzing the causes of abnormal gait, correcting abnormal gait and formulating treatment plans. Since 2009, the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine has been carrying out clinical gait analysis, using the domestic advanced three-dimensional gait analysis equipment to carry out clinical gait analysis to guide rehabilitation training. It is the only rehabilitation medicine department in Zhejiang Province that carries out this diagnostic technology, which is the leading level in the province. Indications: Patients with joint replacement surgery, patients with lower limb peripheral nerve injury, patients with stroke, patients with traumatic brain injury, patients with spinal cord injury, patients with pediatric cerebral palsy, patients with orthopedic surgery of lower limbs, etc. 5.Clinical biomechanical corrective insole production technology Biomechanical corrective insoles (functional corrective insoles) are based on the principle of correcting abnormal force on the foot, compensating for abnormal force on the foot due to abnormal foot structure, preventing foot injury, preventing further injury to the knee, hip bone, spine, etc. Biomechanical corrective insoles (functional corrective insoles) are most commonly used as prefabricated semi-finished products, which function for normal physiological needs, and can be modified and re-formed on the basis of this semi-finished product to suit each patient due to different conditions. Most of the foot diseases are treated very well, even with immediate effect. The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine carries out the biomechanical orthopedic insole making technology, and is the only rehabilitation medicine department in Zhejiang Province that carries out this technology at present. Indications: plantar fasciitis, toe exostosis, toe activity limitation, tendonitis, flip sprain, side pain, foot exostosis deformity, interperoneal syndrome, seed osteitis, child heel pain – heel osteoarthritis, bone nodal epiphysitis, low back pain, shoulder pain, lower limb inequality, lateral knee pain, gait rehabilitation of neurological diseases, etc. 6. myoelectric biofeedback therapy technology Biofeedback therapy is the use of modern physiological scientific instruments, through the human Biofeedback therapy is a new type of psychological treatment method that uses modern physiological scientific instruments to eliminate pathological processes and restore physical and mental health through the feedback of physiological or pathological information in the human body, so that patients can undergo conscious “intention” control and psychological training after special training. Because this therapy training purpose is clear, intuitive and effective, the index is precise, so the patient does not have any pain and side effects, and is very popular among patients. The use of biofeedback therapy is to use modern electronic instruments to trace the physiological functions of the patient’s body and convert them into feedback signals such as sound and light, so that they can learn to adjust their internal organs and other bodily functions according to the feedback signals, and achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling physical and mental diseases. It has been widely applied to the rehabilitation training of paralyzed muscles. Since 2009, the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine has been carrying out myoelectric biofeedback training technology, using advanced myoelectric biofeedback technology in China to apply to stroke rehabilitation and rehabilitation of patients with low back pain, and has accumulated rich clinical treatment experience. Indications: stroke limb paralysis, low back pain rehabilitation, cervical spondylosis rehabilitation, enuresis, fecal incontinence, anxiety disorders, some physical and mental diseases related to mental tension, tension headache, hypertension, etc. 7. Cardiac rehabilitation treatment technology after cardiopulmonary surgery Cardiac rehabilitation refers to the rehabilitation assessment, exercise training, life guidance, regular monitoring and receiving education, etc., so that patients can improve their quality of life, return to normal social life, and prevent cardiovascular events. Cardiac rehabilitation is considered to be a new method of treatment in the acute phase of the disease, and in the stable phase of the disease, cardiac rehabilitation can prevent the re-occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Cardiac rehabilitation is therefore integrated throughout the entire process of disease treatment, rehabilitation and prevention. Cardiovascular rehabilitation based on exercise training in the rehabilitation department significantly reduces patient mortality and the incidence of reinfarction in patients with myocardial infarction. Studies have concluded that 1-3 months of short-term exercise rehabilitation can produce results, and that such exercise training is also very effective in improving patients’ psychology, increasing their confidence and improving their quality of life. The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine has achieved good clinical results since it cooperated with the cardiac center of the hospital to carry out cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and it is the only department in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of a domestic general hospital that carries out postoperative rehabilitation treatment for cardiothoracic surgery, and this rehabilitation treatment technology is at the leading level in China. Indications: coronary revascularization such as coronary angioplasty and coronary bypass grafting, cardiac surgery such as heart transplantation, heart valve replacement and ventriculotomy, chronic stable angina and chronic heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity, COPD, etc. 8, Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation technology Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common degenerative disease of the nervous system, the elderly are common, the average age of onset is about 60 years old, the onset of Parkinson’s disease in young people under 40 years old is less common. The prevalence of PD in people over 65 years of age in China is about 1.7%. Parkinson’s disease has an insidious onset and progresses slowly. The first symptom is usually tremor or clumsiness in one limb, which in turn affects the opposite limb. The main clinical manifestations are resting tremor, bradykinesia, bradykinesia and postural gait disturbances. Parkinson’s exercise therapy is one of the treatments for Parkinson’s. Exercise therapy is a good adjunct to Parkinson’s rehabilitation and can effectively improve the patient’s physical function. In 2012, the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine adopted the conventional treatment experience of the American Rehabilitation Medicine Department and the Department of Neurological Surgery to carry out outpatient rehabilitation training for Parkinson’s disease, which is the only rehabilitation medicine department in Zhejiang Province that carries out this rehabilitation treatment and has achieved Satisfactory clinical results have been achieved, greatly reducing the disability of patients. Indications: Patients with Parkinson’s disease. 9, cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation patients core muscle group rehabilitation training techniques Currently, most domestic patients with cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation use outpatient traction and physiotherapy techniques, neglecting the rehabilitation training of trunk muscle groups and neck muscle groups, and literature shows that 90% of patients with cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation do not need surgery in the early stage, and these patients have muscle strength of the neck and trunk muscles. From our years of research, we found that the multifidus muscle of patients with lumbar disc herniation has obvious muscle atrophy and muscle function decline, so from 2010, the rehabilitation department took the lead in carrying out core muscle group rehabilitation training for patients with cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation within the province, and accumulated rich treatment experience. Core muscle group rehabilitation training all have obvious effect. Reduces the recurrence rate of the patient’s disease and delays the deterioration of the patient’s disease, avoiding many unnecessary surgical treatments. Indications: Patients with cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation. 10, adolescent scoliosis rehabilitation treatment technology The coronal, sagittal or axial position of the spine deviates from its normal position, and the occurrence of morphological abnormalities is called scoliosis. Scoliosis deformity specifically refers to deviation in the coronal position. In appearance, scoliosis can produce a bulging back deformity, a “razorback” deformity, or even a “funnel chest” or “chicken chest” deformity, as well as a combination of these back deformities. This can be accompanied by bilateral shoulder imbalance or pelvic imbalance, as well as bilateral lower limb inequality, which can cause significant local deformity, height reduction, reduction in thoracic and abdominal cavity capacity, and even neurological, respiratory, and digestive impairment. Scoliosis deformity specifically refers to deviation in the coronal position. The Department of Rehabilitation Medicine provides conservative treatment services for adolescent (adult) scoliosis patients without indications for surgery by adopting comprehensive rehabilitation techniques (corrective braces, electrical stimulation, corrective gymnastics, etc.). Indications: Patients with scoliosis.