The main function of placing oil gauze after perianal abscess surgery is drainage, in order to promote the discharge of pus and harmful secretions, reduce the infection, protect the wound, etc.. Perianal abscess is a purulent infectious disease that occurs around the rectum of the anal canal, manifested by redness, swelling, heat, pain and other symptoms of the infected area, and in severe cases, generalized fever can occur. Surgery is the preferred clinical treatment for perianal abscesses. Surgery usually requires the placement of petroleum jelly gauze, oil gauze, etc. for drainage in order to reduce the adverse reactions and further development of the lesion. Postoperative wound of perianal abscess is infected wound, most of the wound is deep and large, plus defecation stimulation often occurs anal edema, bleeding, pain and other complications, placing petroleum jelly gauze, oil gauze and other drainage can protect the wound, promote wound healing, reduce edema, promote pus and harmful secretion outflow, accelerate healing, and alleviate the complications. The presence of perianal abscess or the above symptoms, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time.