Anal itching with bleeding is most commonly associated with such diseases as hemorrhoids, including internal, external, and mixed hemorrhoids that recur, with the mucous membrane of the internal hemorrhoids gradually prolapsing and, in severe cases, forming a prolapse. Patients may experience significant anal discomfort and pain during defecation, and in severe cases, difficulty defecating. The main treatment is surgery. External hemorrhoids can be removed locally and the wounds are changed intermittently. Internal hemorrhoids can be treated by local mucosal excision or submucosal injection of sclerotherapy, as well as circumferential internal hemorrhoid mucosal excision, depending on the site of occurrence. During surgery, care should be taken to avoid damage to the anal sphincter, which may lead to postoperative defecation dysfunction. During the perioperative period, anti-infection treatment should be carried out, and daily drug changes should be insisted on to prevent wound infection and promote healing. In particular, it is important to eat a reasonable diet, increase nutrition, mainly with coarse fiber food, and develop good habits of regular bowel movements and appropriate perianal exercises to promote local venous blood flow. Regular anoscopic examination is also necessary in daily life.