If the left renal vein nutcracker syndrome is mild, it usually does not matter; if it is severe, it can lead to anemia and other complications that are usually more serious and need to be taken seriously, and prompt medical attention is recommended. Nutcracker phenomenon often refers to the compression of the left renal vein as it flows back into the inferior vena cava through the angle formed by the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, or the gap between the abdominal aorta and the spine, which is often accompanied by a decrease in the rate of blood flow in the left renal vein and dilatation of the distal veins at the point of compression. When the nutcracker phenomenon causes a series of clinical symptoms such as hematuria, proteinuria, and left lumbar and abdominal pain, it is called nutcracker syndrome. When patients with mild nutcracker syndrome present only with asymptomatic hematuria and upright proteinuria, it is usually not serious and can be treated conservatively, usually with medications such as captopril to improve symptoms. Patients with severe Nutcracker syndrome are often associated with complications such as varicocele, infertility, and renal impairment, which are usually more serious and may affect quality of life. Surgical treatment is usually required, which mainly includes left renal vein subluxation, left renal fixation, and left renal vein stent implantation. It is recommended that patients with Nutcracker Syndrome should consult a doctor in time and choose the appropriate treatment according to their condition.