Gallbladder polyp is a morphologic name for a lesion that protrudes or bulges into the lumen of the gallbladder, either spherical or hemispherical, with or without a tip, and is mostly benign. Pathologically, they can be divided into: (1) neoplastic polyps, including adenomas and adenocarcinomas, and other rare ones such as hemangiomas, lipomas, smooth muscle tumors, neurofibromas, etc.; (2) non-neoplastic polyps, such as cholesterol polyps, inflammatory polyps, adenomyosis, etc., and other rare ones such as adenomatous hyperplasia, yellow granulomas, ectopic gastric mucosa or pancreatic tissue, etc. Since it is difficult to diagnose the nature of gallbladder polyps before surgery, they are generally called “gallbladder polyp-like lesions” or “gallbladder augmentation lesions”. Cholesterol polyps are cholesterol crystals deposited on the mucosal surface of the gallbladder; inflammatory polyps are hyperplasia of the gallbladder mucosa and are multiple, often less than 1 Cm in diameter, and are often combined with gallbladder stones and cholecystitis; adenomatous hyperplasia of the gallbladder is a hyperplastic change in the wall of the gallbladder, which resembles a tumor if it is limited, but is benign in nature. Most of them are detected by ultrasound during physical examination and are asymptomatic. A small number of patients may have right upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and loss of appetite; in rare cases, it may cause obstructive xanthogranuloma, cholecystitis without stones, biliary bleeding, and induced pancreatitis. Physical examination may have pressure pain in the right upper abdomen. The diagnosis of this disease mainly relies on ultrasound, but it is difficult to distinguish whether the polyp is tumorigenic or non-tumorigenic, benign or malignant lesions. The following methods can help confirm the diagnosis: (1) conventional ultrasound plus color Doppler ultrasound or acoustic angiography; (2) endoscopic ultrasound; (3) CT-enhanced scan; and (4) ultrasound-guided percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Since a small number of gallbladder polyps may be early-stage gallbladder cancer or may become cancerous, the following conditions are considered as risk factors for malignant lesions: diameter over 1 cm; age over 50 years; solitary lesion; gradually increasing polyp; combined with gallbladder stones, etc. Patients with significant symptoms should be treated surgically after excluding psychiatric factors, gastroduodenal and other biliary diseases. Surgery should be considered in asymptomatic patients with the following conditions: a single lesion with a diameter of more than 1 . A single lesion of more than 1.cm in diameter, age over 50 years, enlargement on serial ultrasound, adenomatous polyp or wide base, combined with gallbladder stones or thickened gallbladder wall. Patients without these conditions should not be operated urgently and should be reviewed by ultrasound every 6 months. For gallbladder polyps less than 2 cm in diameter, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible; for those more than 2 cm or with high suspicion of malignancy, caesarean section should be performed to facilitate radical resection.