Dry cough without sputum is not necessarily a new type of pneumonia. Patients with gastroesophageal reflux, cough variant asthma, tuberculosis, and mycoplasma infections can present with symptoms of dry cough, which can be identified as a new type of pneumonia through routine blood tests, chest radiographs, lung CT, and nucleic acid test of the new coronavirus, and other related tests. If the patient shows a drop in white blood cells, interstitial changes predominantly in the peripheral bands on lung CT, and multiple positives for neocoronavirus antibodies, the clinical diagnosis can be made as new type of pneumonia. If the patient’s above tests are normal, other tests can be completed to clarify the cause of dry cough and give appropriate treatment.