The early symptoms of hemorrhoids and rectal cancer are mainly described as follows: first, hemorrhoids are the most common anorectal disease, which can occur at any age, and the main clinical manifestations are symptoms such as swelling in the anal region, difficulty in defecation, blood in stool, pain in the anal region, etc. From the pathological point of view, they are manifestations of varicose veins in the anal and perianal plexus; second, the early symptoms of rectal cancer, the early symptoms are mainly manifested as sometimes patients do not have any clinical symptoms? Secondly, early symptoms of rectal cancer are sometimes no clinical symptoms, or relatively mild symptoms, such as abdominal pain, abdominal mass, blood in stool, constipation or alternating constipation and diarrhea, increased frequency of stool, and with the progress of the disease, symptoms such as emaciation, anemia and intestinal obstruction will appear. Therefore, patients with the above clinical symptoms must seek medical attention in a timely manner, and if necessary, perform colonoscopy and take lesions for pathological examination to clarify the nature of the lesions in order to prevent misdiagnosis.